Which theory focuses on stable and enduring qualities of personality?

Personality Trait Theory is concerned with identifying and categorizing the stable and consistent characteristics that a person exhibits over time and across various situations. This approach posits that individuals possess certain traits that influence their behavior and reactions, making their personality relatively predictable. Key theorists like Gordon Allport, Raymond Cattell, and Hans Eysenck contributed significantly to this framework, emphasizing that traits can be quantitatively measured and help in understanding individuality.

The trait perspective divides personality into different types or dimensions, such as the Big Five traits (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism), which aim to capture the breadth of human personality in a systematic way. This focus on stable qualities distinguishes Personality Trait Theory from other psychological approaches which might explore broader dynamics or human experiences without specifically quantifying these enduring attributes.

In contrast, other theories, such as Psychodynamic Theory, center on subconscious motivations and the impact of past experiences, and do not emphasize the stability of personality traits. Cognitive Theory focuses on thought processes and how they shape behavior, rather than enduring traits. Meanwhile, Humanistic Theory highlights personal growth and self-actualization, often emphasizing the potential for change and development in personality over time.