What principle underlies the social-cognitive theory of personality?

The principle that personality is shaped by the interaction of personal, behavioral, and environmental factors is central to the social-cognitive theory of personality, which was largely developed by Albert Bandura. This theory emphasizes that individuals are not just passive recipients of their environment; rather, they actively influence and are influenced by various factors.

In this framework, personal factors include one's thoughts, beliefs, and emotions, which interact with behavioral aspects, such as actions and reactions, and the surrounding environment, which encompasses social and cultural contexts. This dynamic interplay demonstrates that personality can evolve and adapt over time based on experiences and interactions, highlighting the potential for change and growth.

This understanding contrasts sharply with the notion that personality is fixed and unchangeable or that it is determined solely by genes or environmental influences. Instead, the social-cognitive approach asserts a more nuanced view that embraces the complexity of human behavior and personality development as a result of a continuous interplay among various influences.