How is "narcissism" defined in personality psychology?

Narcissism in personality psychology is primarily characterized by a heightened sense of self-focus and self-importance. Individuals exhibiting narcissistic traits often possess an inflated sense of their own abilities and accomplishments, and they frequently seek excessive admiration from others. This self-centered perspective can lead to a lack of empathy and an inability to acknowledge the needs and feelings of others, which further distinguishes narcissism from healthier forms of self-regard or interpersonal balance.

The concept of narcissism encompasses various dimensions, including grandiosity, entitlement, and a preoccupation with personal success or beauty, reflecting the deep-seated need for validation and admiration. Understanding this definition is crucial for differentiating narcissism from other personality characteristics, such as a healthy self-regard, which involves recognizing one’s worth without the extreme self-focused behaviors associated with narcissism.